Jayaseelan Rathinaswamy

INTRODUCTION: A critical part of the camera is the optical element, i.e. the lens. The role of the lens is to take incoming light rays and bend them to form a clear image on the recording medium. The structure of the lens determines how much the light is bent and the magnification of the resulting image. To understand photography, you need to understand lenses. [open ppt]

Expected outcomes: ·          Appreciation of the values of the headlines ·          Knowledge of the different kinds of headlines ·          Ability to recognize to criticize headlines styles common in the daily press ·          Skill in writing headline types and ability to use them to advantage ·          Ability to punctuate headlines ·          Skill in counting units of headlines ·          Understanding school paper’s headline schedule ·          Mastery of headline vocabulary and ability to use headline terms for the sake of simplicity, brevity, and easy reading. [open ppt ]

News comes to us from several sources including word of mouth, newspapers, television and radio broadcasts and increasingly via the Internet. Each medium has its own style, but we can also identify a journalistic register, of which newspapers are the most significant users. [open ppt ]

·       The lead is one of the basic building blocks of writing, and now more than ever, freelancers need to know how to write a lead if they want to land work. ·      A lead is your first chance to catch someone into clicking through and reading your entire story. If you’re writing news, the lead might be the only part of your story that shows up on the front page, other than the headline, so it’s got to be good enough to entice readers to want more. ·          In  fact, that’s the perfect definition of a lead – a snippet of information that turns readers into Oliver Twist, asking for more. [open ppt]

“Features put people in the story; they makethe reader think and care.” [open ppt]

HEADS: n  H - Heralds the day’s news; tells what is of importance. n  E - Entices the reader with essential or interesting facts. n  A - Advertises the most important story by size or placement on the page (the most important stories are displayed at the top of the page). n  D - Dresses up a page with typography; helps make design attractive. n  S -   Summarises  the story with a "super" lead; tells what the story is about. [open ppt]

          Summary/digest/Straight Leads           Question Lead           Punch, Capsule or Cartridge lead [open ppt]

Introduction to Lead Writing Every news story begins with an introduction which is called “Lead” Reminding you that this could be a single word, phrase, a brief sentence, an entire paragraph, or a series of paragraphs. The main function of the lead is not only to introduce the news story but to give the questions of the reader. The good lead answers all important information about the news story. [open ppt]

The lead is the beginning or introduction to your story.  It gives the reader a preview of what your story will be about. Why is a powerful lead so important? A lead is what draws the reader into your story.  A good lead hooks readers from the beginning and makes them excited to continue reading. [open ppt]

“Hey! I can see it now!” you’ve said to your brother. “ ‘Boy drops dead from too much chocolate’. If you don’t quit eating all those Hershey bars, it’s going to be you.” [open ppt]

The Editorial Page The editorial page of any newspaper is the voice of the editorial staff and the readers It express the opinion of whatever the management of the publications feels in relation to the present occasion   [open ppt]

Journalism is a form of writing that tells people about things that really happened, but that they might not have known about already. [OPEN PPT]

·       There are a large number of languages in the world today that exist only in speech and do not have a written form ·      For the languages that do have writing systems, the development of writing is a relatively recent phenomenon ·     The roots of writing tradition go back only a few thousand years ·   An account of the early history gradually emerged but it comprises many gaps and ambiguities ·     It is difficult to decide whether a piece of graphic expression should be taken as an artistic image or as a symbol of  primitive writing [OPEN PPT]

     Identify the types of news leads and their elements      Write news leads Organize news stories     Be accurate and objective        Use third person point of view       Use sentence length and structure that are appropriate for journalistic        Writing Use transitions [open ppt]

1. Nature and Development of Language 2. Structure of Language 3. Language and Culture 4. Nonverbal Communication [OPEN PPT]

·          Literacy activities are useful for both young and adult students of reading and writing. ·          These activities work to develop  literacy skills , and to cultivate associations between these skills and the  skills of speaking and listening . ·          Literacy activities can be  categorized  by how they  relate to a reading or writing task in terms of time. ·          They're designed either to be utilized  before, during or af ter the task.[OPEN PPT] [OPEN PPT]

·      Language is a very important aspect of anyone’s public speaking performance. ·     Whether a speaker uses lots of complicated words or words most people have in their vocabularies, language will determine how an audience experiences the speech. ·   We are going to talk about six important elements of language and how they affect audience perceptions. [OPEN PPT]

       ·    Writing, is the symbolic representation of language in storable graphic form. It is a comparatively recent cultural development, having occurred over the past five thousand years. We have no idea where speech began, but we know that writing originated only in certain areas of the world.  [OPEN PPT]

A History of Writing Who invented the first systems of writing? What did they look like? How have they changed over time?  view in ppt

OVERVIEW ž   The  Shannon–Weaver model of communication  has been called the "mother of all models."Social Scientists use the term to refer to an integrated model of the concepts of  information source ,  message ,  transmitter ,  signal ,  channel ,  noise , receiver , information destination, probability of error,  encoding ,  decoding , information rate ,  channel capacity , etc. However, this is misleading, as the related fundamental ideas were developed by Shannon alone.  Claude Elwood Shannon ž   In 1948, Shannon was an American mathematician, Electronic engineer and Weaver was an American scientist both of them join together to write an article in “Bell System Technical Journal” called “A Mathematical Theory of Communication” and also called as “Shannon-Weaver model of communication”. ž   This model is specially designed to develop the effective communication between sender and receiver. Also they find factors which affecting

COMMUNICATION •        The term communication stems from a Latin word communis which means ‘common’ and denotes the act of imparting, conveying or exchanging ideas through speech, writing or signs. •        It is one of the fundamental needs of human beings and it is as important as the physical requirement for food and shelter. •        Thus, communication can be considered as an individual as well as a social need.  WHAT IS COMMUNICATION? •        communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and attitudes from one person to another. •        It is a process of transmitting a message from a source to an audience through a channel . •        For example, in a conversation, which is the most common type of communication, the person who speaks is the source and the person who listens is the audience . •        What is transmitted by the person who speaks is the message and the spoken voice carried through the air is the channel. •       

OVERVIEW ž   The  Shannon–Weaver model of communication  has been called the "mother of all models."Social Scientists use the term to refer to an integrated model of the concepts of  information source ,  message ,  transmitter ,  signal ,  channel ,  noise , receiver , information destination, probability of error,  encoding ,  decoding , information rate ,  channel capacity , etc. However, this is misleading, as the related fundamental ideas were developed by Shannon alone.  Claude Elwood Shannon ž   In 1948, Shannon was an American mathematician, Electronic engineer and Weaver was an American scientist both of them join together to write an article in “Bell System Technical Journal” called “A Mathematical Theory of Communication” and also called as “Shannon-Weaver model of communication”. ž   This model is specially designed to develop the effective communication between sender and receiver. Also they find factors which affecting the c

·      BACKGROUND In 1960, David K. Berlo, wrote a book entitled  El Proceso de la Comunicación  or  The Process of Communication . This work focused on the purpose and objectives of communication and addressed Berlo's model of communication which he developed from Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver's Mathematical Model. In this book, Berlo quoted Aristotle, saying that “…the prime goal of communication was persuasion, an attempt to sway other men to the speaker's point of view” (Berlo, David K., 1960, p. 8). His model includes verbal and non-verbal communications. It also considers the emotional aspect of the message. The S-M-C-R Model of Communication The S-M-C-R Model of Communication The FOCUS   David K. Berlo's Model of Communication focuses on four elements, namely: the  Source (S) , the  Message (M) , the  Channel (C) , and the  Receiver (R) . Under each of these are different factors that affect the communication process. This model is